Bilingual+4+ESO+Part+1

=__**Prueba Inicial 4º ESO 2013**__=

=__Prueba Inicial 4º ESO 2014 .__=

__**October 23rd 2013 Strike: images of a decade .**__ media type="custom" key="24175634"

__**Clil Unit First Term: Migration.**__
media type="custom" key="25011518" = =

__**Clil Unit Second Term: Women's Rights.**__
media type="custom" key="25330290"

__**Women Right to Vote Texts ([[file:Women Right to Vote Texts.doc]]).**__
=__**UNIT 1. 18 TH CENTURY: ANCIENT REGIME .**__=

__**1.1. Enlightenment Thinkers**__

__**1.2. Divine Right Monarchy: some monarchs chosen by God to rule their countries.**__

|| __**Charles II (Spain, 1665-1700).**__ || || __**Frederick William (Prussia, 1688-1740)**__ || media type="custom" key="28717284"
 * __**Louis XIV**__ __ **(Fran** ____ **ce, 1643-1** ____ **71** ____ **5)** __
 * __**Philip V (Spain, 1700-1746)**__

__ **1.3. Europe by the year 1700.** __ = = __**1.4. Enlightened Depostism**__.

media type="youtube" key="T3At8QiudnQ" height="360" width="640"

__**1.5. Spanish War of Succession (1701-1714) .**__

__**1.5.1. Charles II (1665-1700).**__
 * [[image:CarlosII06.jpg width="311" height="370"]] || [[image:CarlosII01.jpg]] ||
 * [[image:CarlosII03.jpg width="294" height="354"]] || [[image:CarlosII04.jpg width="256" height="384"]] ||
 * [[image:CarlosII05.jpg width="352" height="252"]] || [[image:CarlosII02.jpg width="352" height="200"]] ||

__**Prince Baltasar Carlos, Charles II's death brother.**__


 * [[image:Baltasar Carlos01.jpg width="352" height="460"]] || [[image:Baltasar Carlos a caballo.jpg width="444" height="527"]] ||

__**1.5.2. Philip vs Charles.**__
 * [[image:FelipeV.jpg width="370" height="532" caption="Philip V (19 December 1683 – 9 July 1746) was King of Spain from 1 November 1700 to 15 January 1724, when he abdicated in favour of his son Louis, and from 6 September 1724, when he assumed the throne again upon his son's death, to his own death 9 July 1746.Before his reign, Philip occupied an exalted place in the royal family of France as a grandson of King Louis XIV. His father, Louis, the Grand Dauphin, had the strongest genealogical claim to the throne of Spain when it became vacant in 1700. King Charles II of Spain named Philip as his heir in his will. It was well known that the union of France and Spain under one monarch would upset the balance of power in Europe, such that other European powers would take steps to prevent it. Indeed, Philip's accession in Spain provoked the 14-year War of the Spanish Succession, which continued until the Treaty of Utrecht forbade any future possibility of unifying the French and Spanish thrones."]] || [[image:Carlos III - Carlos VI.jpg width="358" height="436" caption="Charles VI (1 October 1685 – 20 October 1740) succeeded his elder brother, Joseph I, as Holy Roman Emperor, King of Bohemia(as Charles II), King of Hungary and Croatia (as Charles III), and King of Serbia, Archduke of Austria, etc., in 1711. He unsuccessfully claimed the throne of Spain as Charles III following the death of its ruler, and Charles's relative, Charles II of Spain, in 1700. "]] ||



__**1.6. Utrecht and Rastatt Treaties.**__

__** UNIT 2. POLITICAL REVOLUTIONS (1776-1848) **__

__**2.1. The Indendependece of the United States of America ([[file:THE 13 COLONIES AND THE INDEPENDENCE OF USA.doc]]).**__

 * [[image:MAPA01.gif width="531" height="517"]] || [[image:MAPA02.gif width="478" height="492"]] ||
 * [[image:MAPA03.jpg width="528" height="566"]] || [[image:MAPA04.gif width="531" height="574"]] ||



__**2.1.1.Boston Tea Party.**__


__**2.1.2. Declaration of Independence.**__ When in the Course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the Laws of Nature and of Nature's God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation. We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.--That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, --That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness. Prudence, indeed, will dictate that Governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes; and accordingly all experience hath shewn, that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable, than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same Object evinces a design to reduce them under absolute Despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such Government, and to provide new Guards for their future security.--Such has been the patient sufferance of these Colonies; and such is now the necessity which constrains them to alter their former Systems of Government. The history of the present King of Great Britain is a history of repeated injuries and usurpations, all having in direct object the establishment of an absolute Tyranny over these States. To prove this, let Facts be submitted to a candid world. > He has refused his Assent to Laws, the most wholesome and necessary for the public good. > He has forbidden his Governors to pass Laws of immediate and pressing importance, unless suspended in their operation till his Assent should be obtained; and when so suspended, he has utterly neglected to attend to them. > He has refused to pass other Laws for the accommodation of large districts of people, unless those people would relinquish the right of Representation in the Legislature, a right inestimable to them and formidable to tyrants only. > He has called together legislative bodies at places unusual, uncomfortable, and distant from the depository of their public Records, for the sole purpose of fatiguing them into compliance with his measures. > He has dissolved Representative Houses repeatedly, for opposing with manly firmness his invasions on the rights of the people. > He has refused for a long time, after such dissolutions, to cause others to be elected; whereby the Legislative powers, incapable of Annihilation, have returned to the People at large for their exercise; the State remaining in the mean time exposed to all the dangers of invasion from without, and convulsions within. > He has endeavoured to prevent the population of these States; for that purpose obstructing the Laws for Naturalization of Foreigners; refusing to pass others to encourage their migrations hither, and raising the conditions of new Appropriations of Lands. > He has obstructed the Administration of Justice, by refusing his Assent to Laws for establishing Judiciary powers. > He has made Judges dependent on his Will alone, for the tenure of their offices, and the amount and payment of their salaries. > He has erected a multitude of New Offices, and sent hither swarms of Officers to harrass our people, and eat out their substance. > He has kept among us, in times of peace, Standing Armies without the Consent of our legislatures. > He has affected to render the Military independent of and superior to the Civil power. > He has combined with others to subject us to a jurisdiction foreign to our constitution, and unacknowledged by our laws; giving his Assent to their Acts of pretended Legislation: > For Quartering large bodies of armed troops among us: > For protecting them, by a mock Trial, from punishment for any Murders which they should commit on the Inhabitants of these States: > For cutting off our Trade with all parts of the world: > For imposing Taxes on us without our Consent: > For depriving us in many cases, of the benefits of Trial by Jury: > For transporting us beyond Seas to be tried for pretended offences > For abolishing the free System of English Laws in a neighbouring Province, establishing therein an Arbitrary government, and enlarging its Boundaries so as to render it at once an example and fit instrument for introducing the same absolute rule into these Colonies: > For taking away our Charters, abolishing our most valuable Laws, and altering fundamentally the Forms of our Governments: > For suspending our own Legislatures, and declaring themselves invested with power to legislate for us in all cases whatsoever. > He has abdicated Government here, by declaring us out of his Protection and waging War against us. > He has plundered our seas, ravaged our Coasts, burnt our towns, and destroyed the lives of our people. > He is at this time transporting large Armies of foreign Mercenaries to compleat the works of death, desolation and tyranny, already begun with circumstances of Cruelty & perfidy scarcely paralleled in the most barbarous ages, and totally unworthy the Head of a civilized nation. > He has constrained our fellow Citizens taken Captive on the high Seas to bear Arms against their Country, to become the executioners of their friends and Brethren, or to fall themselves by their Hands. > He has excited domestic insurrections amongst us, and has endeavoured to bring on the inhabitants of our frontiers, the merciless Indian Savages, whose known rule of warfare, is an undistinguished destruction of all ages, sexes and conditions. ||  ||
 * [[image:United_States_Declaration_of_Independence.jpg width="373" height="586"]] ||  || IN CONGRESS, July 4, 1776.
 * The unanimous Declaration of the thirteen united States of America,**

__**2.1.3. The politicians of the Independence.**__ || __**James Madison.**__ || || __**Benjamin Franklin.**__ ||
 * __**George Washington**__
 * __**Thomas Jefferson**__


 * [[image:P02 - John Adams.jpg width="850" height="534" caption="John Adams, Jr. (October 301735 – July 4, 1826) was an American lawyer, author, statesman, and diplomat. He served as the second President of the United States (1797–1801), the first Vice President (1789–1797),and as a Founding Father was a leader of American independence from Great Britain. Adams was a political theorist in the Age of Enlightenment who promoted republicanism and a strong central government. His innovative ideas were frequently published. He was also a dedicated diarist and particularly correspondent, with his wife and key advisor Abigail. "]] ||
 * [[image:New_five_dollar_bill.jpg width="800" height="339" caption="Abraham Lincoln (February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865) was the 16th President of the United States, serving from March 1861 until his assassination in April 1865. Lincoln led the United States through its Civil War—its bloodiest war and its greatest moral, constitutional, and political crisis. In doing so, he preserved the Union, abolished slavery, strengthened the federal government, and modernized the economy"]] ||

__**2.1.4. A trillion dollar bill????.**__
media type="youtube" key="Yq6s8G5hwzE" height="360" width="640"

__**2.1.5. Spain in the American Revolutionary War Listening Activity .**__

__** 2.2. FRENCH REVOLUTION (1789). **__
media type="youtube" key="PBn7iWzrKoI" height="480" width="854"

media type="youtube" key="ttdq818TGD0" height="480" width="854"

media type="custom" key="27920091" width="195" height="195" The Bastille was a medieval fortress used as a prison. Bastille represented the royal authority in the center of Paris and was seen as a symbol of the royal abuses. On the morning of 14th July, 1789, a mob stormed the prison and released seven prisoners. The Bastille was defended by Marquis de Launay. After four hours of fightin Launay surrendered. The victorious mob cut off his head and carried it in triumph through the streets of Paris.
 * [[image:fall-of-the-Bastille..jpg width="468" height="391"]] || [[image:alfonsopozacienciassociales/Heads_on_pikes.jpg width="262" height="318"]] ||

__**2.2.1. 1789, economic and political crisis.**__

__**2.2.2. The characters of the revolution.**__ || __**Marie Antoinette.**__ || || __**Robespierre.**__ || || __**Napoleón.**__ ||
 * __**Louis XVI.**__
 * __**Danton.**__
 * __**Marat.**__

__**2.2.3. French Revolution 1789-95.**__
 * [[image:guillotina111.jpg width="603" height="409"]] || [[image:Guillotina02.jpg width="408" height="385" caption="A guillotine is an apparatus designed for carrying out executions by beheading. The device is best known for its use in France, in particular during the French Revolution. The guillotine continued to be used long after the Revolution and remained France's standard method of judicial execution until the abolition of capital punishment with the backing of President François Mitterrand in 1981. The last person guillotined in France was Hamida Djandoubi, on 10 September 1977. "]] ||

__**2.2.4. El Imperio Napoleónico .**__
 * [[image:Jacques-Louis_David_006.jpg width="904" height="512" caption="Having won military prestige with his victorious campaigns in Italy and Egypt, Napoleon took power as First Consul after the coup d’état. In May 1804 he was proclaimed Emperor, and a coronation ceremony was held on December 2 of the same year at Notre-Dame Cathedral in Paris. Moreover—like Charlemagne some 1000 years before—he was consecrated emperor by a pope. However, Napoleon crowned himself, facing the congregation rather than the high altar to mark his independence from the Church. Although David's initial sketch represented the Emperor in the act of crowning himself, the final painting shows him crowning the Empress. "]] ||
 * [[image:Ingres,_Napoleon_on_his_Imperial_throne.jpg width="429" height="503" caption="It shows Napoleon as emperor, in the costume he wore for his coronation and seated on a throne. In his right hand he holds the sceptre of Charlemagne and in his left the hand of justice. On his head is a golden laurel wreath, similar to one wore by Caesar. He also wears the great collar of the Légion d'honneur. The carpet under the throne displays an imperial eagle. "]][[image:Jacques-Louis_David_007.jpg width="418" height="511" caption="Napoelon wanted to surprise the enemy, Austria,  by bringing his army south through the Great St Bernard pass in the Alps in May 1800 before the snows have cleared. He himself slithers through the pass on a mule, but this does not deter the painter Jacques-Louis David from depicting him on a magnificent rearing stallion among the snowy peaks"]] ||

__**2.2.5. Spanish Independence War .**__

__**2.2.6. Joseph Bonaparte aka Pepe Botella.**__
 * [[image:JoseBonaparte.jpg]] || [[image:Joseph-Bonaparte.jpg width="350" height="518"]] ||
 * [[image:PepeBotella01.jpg width="518" height="444"]] || [[image:PepeBotella02.jpg width="540" height="418"]] ||

__**2.3. Activities.(**____**)**__

__**2.4. Political Revolutions Quiz.**__ media type="custom" key="27944221"

__**2.5. Congress of Vienna.**__ __**Territorial Changes:**__ ====The Final Act was signed by representatives of Austria, France, Portugal, Prussia, Russia, Sweden-Norway, and the United Kingdom. Spain did not sign the treaty but ratified it in 1817. ====
 * ====Russia was given most of the Duchy of Warsaw (Poland) and was allowed to keep Finland (which it had annexed from Sweden in 1809 and held until 1917). ====
 * ====Prussia was given two fifths of Saxony, parts of the Duchy of Warsaw (the Grand Duchy of Posen), Danzig, and the Rhineland/Westphalia. ====
 * ====A German Confederation of 38 states was created from the previous 360 of the Holy Roman Empire, under the presidency of the Austrian Emperor. Only portions of the territory of Austria and Prussia were included in the Confederation. ====
 * ====The Netherlands and the Southern Netherlands (approx. modern-day Belgium) were united in a constitutional monarchy, the United Kingdom of the Netherlands, with the House of Orange-Nassau providing the king. ====
 * ====To compensate for the Orange-Nassau's loss of the Nassau lands to Prussia, the United Kingdom of the Netherlands and the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg were to form a personal union under the House of Orange-Nassau, with Luxembourg (but not the Netherlands) inside the German Confederation. ====
 * ====Swedish Pomerania, given to Denmark a year earlier in return for Norway, was ceded by Denmark to Prussia. France received back Guadeloupe from Sweden in return for yearly installments to the Swedish king. ====
 * ====The neutrality of Switzerland was guaranteed. ====
 * ====Hanover gave up the Duchy of Lauenburg to Denmark, but was enlarged by the addition of former territories of the bishop of Munster and by the formerly Prussian East Frisia, and made a kingdom. ====
 * ====<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt;">Most of the territorial gains of Bavaria<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt;">, ( Württemberg<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt;">, Baden<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt;">, Hesse-Darmstadt, and Nassau were recognized). Bavaria also gained control of the Rhenish Palatinate<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt;"> and parts of the Napoleonic Duchy of Würzburg<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt;"> and Grand Duchy of Frankfurt<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt;">. Hesse-Darmstadt, in exchange for giving up the Duchy of Westphalia to Prussia, received Rhenish Hesse<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt;"> with its capital at Mainz<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt;">. ====
 * ====<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt;">Austria regained control of the Tyrol<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt;"> and Salzburg<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt;">; of the former Illyrian Provinces<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt;">; of Tarnopol district (from Russia); received Lombardy-Venetia in Italy and Ragusa in Dalmatia. Former Austrian territory in Southwest Germany remained under the control of Württemberg and Baden, and the Austrian Netherlands were also not recovered. ====
 * ====<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt;">Habsburg princes were returned to control of the Grand Duchy of Tuscany and the Duchy of Modena. ====
 * ====<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt;">The Papal States<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt;"> were under the rule of the pope. ====
 * ====<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt;">The United Kingdom was confirmed in control of the Cape Colony in Southern Africa; Tobago; Ceylon; and various other colonies in Africa and Asia. Other colonies, most notably the Dutch East Indies and Martinique, were restored to their previous owners. ====
 * ====<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt;">The King of Sardinia was restored in Piedmont, Nice, and Savoy, and was given control of Genoa ====
 * ====<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt;">The Duchies of Parma, Piacenza and Guastalla were given to Marie Louise, Napoleon's wife. ====
 * ====<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt;">The Duchy of Lucca was created for the House of Bourbon-Parma, ====
 * ====<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt;">The Bourbon Ferdinand IV<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt;">, King of Sicily was restored to control of the Kingdom of Naples. ====
 * ====<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt;">The slave trade was condemned. ====
 * ====<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt;">Freedom of navigation was guaranteed for many rivers, notably the Rhine and the Danube. ====

__**2.4.1. Simon Bolivar and San Martin Listening Activity .**__
|| __**José de San Martín.**__ ||
 * __**Simón Bolívar**__


 * [[image:independencia-de-america-latina.jpg width="560" height="718"]] || [[image:200-años-de-independencia1.jpg width="454" height="560"]] ||

__**2.5. Exam Photographs .**__

**__ UNIT 3. INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION ([[file:Industrial Revolution.doc]]) ([[file:UNIT 3 INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION KEY VOCABULARY.doc]]). __**
media type="youtube" key="ECQUWIGTZm0" height="480" width="854"

=__3.1. First Industrial Nation: England.__=

__**3.2. Agricultural Industrial Revolution.**__
Steam Treshing

Steam Ploughing

__**3.4. Industrial Revolution in Europe.**__

__3.5 Child Labour.__

 * [[image:childlabour01.jpg width="560" height="334"]] || [[image:childlabour02.gif width="379" height="369"]] ||
 * [[image:childlabour03.jpg width="556" height="382"]] || [[image:childlabour05.jpg width="352" height="384"]] ||
 * [[image:childlabour04.jpg width="537" height="372"]] || [[image:childlabour06.jpg width="444" height="372"]] ||

=__**UNIT 4. NATIONS AND EMPIRES (1850-1914) .**__=

__**4.1. Unification of Germany.**__
 * [[image:Kaiser-wilhelm-I.jpg width="395" height="513" caption="Kaiser William I"]] || [[image:Otto-von-Bismarck.jpg width="390" height="499" caption="Otto von Bismarck"]] ||

__**4.2. Unification of Italy.**__

__**Monumento a Victor Manuel II: el Altar de la Patria. Rome, Italy.**__
 * [[image:monumento-a-victor-manuel-ii.jpg width="573" height="528"]] || [[image:estatua-ecuestre-de-victor-manuel-ii.jpg width="658" height="532"]] ||


 * [[image:cavour.png caption="Conde de Cavour"]] || [[image:victor-manuel-II.jpg width="315" height="342" caption="Victor Manuel II"]] ||

__**4.3. United States Secession War .**__ __**Jefferson Davies vs Abraham Lincoln.**__
 * [[image:civil-war-secession-war.png width="681" height="478"]] || [[image:civil-war-soldiers2.jpg width="359" height="335"]] ||
 * [[image:alfonsopozacienciassociales/Jefferson Davies.jpg width="390" height="493"]] || [[image:alfonsopozacienciassociales/Abraham Lincoln01.jpg width="381" height="483"]] ||

__**Robert E. Lee vs Ulysses S. Grant.**__
 * [[image:Robert E Lee.jpg width="294" height="383"]] || [[image:Ulysses S Grant.jpg width="305" height="371"]] ||

__**Railroads. 1870. USA.**__

__**Telegraph.**__
 * [[image:The_Overland_Pony_Express.jpg width="717" height="435"]] || [[image:stuarts-cavalry-cutting-telegraph-wires-american-civil-war-united-DDPTAP.jpg width="341" height="530"]] ||


 * [[image:operator-receiving-a-message-in-morse-code-on-printing-telegraph.jpeg width="541" height="549"]] || [[image:telegraph-operator-antique-design-illustrations.jpg width="388" height="336"]] ||

__**Abraham Lincoln.**__
 * [[image:abraham lincoln.jpg width="350" height="435"]] || [[image:abraham-lincoln-monumento-a-lincoln.jpg width="512" height="434"]] ||
 * [[image:abraham-lincoln-monument.jpg width="562" height="420"]] || [[image:abraham-lincoln02.jpg width="513" height="421"]] ||

__**Slavery in the United States.**__
 * [[image:slavery_us_1860.jpg width="1034" height="460"]] ||  ||


 * [[image:Slavery01.jpg width="635" height="290"]] || [[image:Slavery02.jpg width="384" height="281"]] ||



media type="custom" key="28925016"

__**4.4. Colonial Empires by year 1800.**__ ==

__**4.4.1. Age of Imperialism. **__
 * [[image:colonialism01.jpg width="362" height="478"]][[image:colonialism02.jpg width="412" height="461"]] ||  ||
 * [[image:colonialism03.jpg width="360" height="540"]][[image:colonialism04.jpg]] ||  ||

__**4.5. Berlin Conference Agreements: Colonisation of Africa.**__ <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;">The General Act fixed the following points: media type="custom" key="24673748"
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;">To gain public acceptance a primary point of the conference was the ending of slavery by Black and Islamic powers. Thus, an international prohibition of the slave trade throughout their respected spheres was signed by the European members.
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;">The Congo Free State<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;"> was confirmed as private property of the Congo Society thereby ensuring that Leopold's promises to keep the country open to all European investment was retained. Congo, two million square kilometers, was made essentially the property of Léopold II (but later would eventually become a Belgian colony).
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;">The 14 signatory powers would have free trade throughout the Congo Basin as well as Lake Niassa and east of this in an area south of 5° N.
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;">The Niger River and Congo River were made free for ship traffic.
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;">A Principle of Effectivity (see below) was introduced to stop powers setting up colonies in name only.
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;">Any fresh act of taking possession of any portion of the African coast would have to be notified by the power taking possession, or assuming a protectorate, to the other signatory powers.
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;">Which regions each European power had an exclusive right to "pursue" the legal ownership of land (legal in the eyes of the other European powers).

__**4.6. Colonisation of Asia .**__

__**4.7. World Empires.**__

__**4.8. Leopold II and the colonisation of Congo .**__

__**4.9. Nations and Empires Listening Exam .**__

__**4.10. Unit 4 Nations and Empires Crossword Activity .**__

__**4.11. British Empire: Queen Victoria.**__ media type="youtube" key="XBIZEEgTM5k" height="360" width="640" media type="youtube" key="L-gnPAdQwng" height="360" width="640"

__**4.12. South Africa Colonisation.**__ media type="slideshare" key="44136339" height="400" width="476"

__**4.12. China and Japan XIX Century.**__ media type="custom" key="28179571"

__**4.13. An example of colonialism: Afghanistan .**__

__**4.13. China and Japan XIX Century Listening Activity .**__

=__**UNIT 5. SPAIN IN THE 19TH CENTURY.**__= __**5.1. Charles IV (1788-1808).**__ ==

__**5.1.2. Manuel Godoy.**__

> **Karl Marx, “Revolutionary Spain,” New York Daily Tribune, 1854** ||
 * **“Three centuries later, the [Second] Treaty of Fontainebleau, concluded on October 27, 1807, by which the favorite of Carlos IV and the minion of his Queen, Don Manuel Godoy, the Prince of [the] Peace, contracted with Bonaparte for the partition of Portugal and the entrance of the French armies into Spain, caused a popular insurrection at Madrid against Godoy, the abdication of Carlos IV, the assumption of the throne by Ferdinand VII, his son, the entrance of the French army into Spain, and the following war of independence. Thus the Spanish war of independence commenced with a popular insurrection against the camarilla, then personified in Don Manuel Godoy…”**


 * [[image:Godoy01.jpg width="373" height="476"]] || [[image:Godoy02.png width="512" height="474"]] ||
 * [[image:Godoy04.jpg width="374" height="511"]] || [[image:Godoy03.jpg width="577" height="394"]] ||

> **“…the most Excellent Lord Don Manuel de Godoy y Alvarez de Faria, Rios, Sanchez Zarzosa, Prince of the Peace, Duke of Alcudia, Lord of Soto de Roma and of the State of Albala; Grandee of Spain of the first class; perpetual Regidor of the City of Santiago, Knight of the Illustrious Order of the Golden Fleece, and Great Cross of the Royal and distinguished Spanish Order of Charles III; Commander of Valencia del Ventoso, Rivera, and Aceuchal in that of Santiago; Knight and Grand Cross of the religious Order of St. John; Counsellor of State; First Secretary of State and Despacho; Secretary to the Queen; Superintendent General of the Posts and Highways; Protector of the Royal Academy of the Noble Arts, and of the Royal Societies of Natural History, Botany, Chemistry, and Astronomy; Gentleman of the King's Chamber in employment; Captain-General of his Armies; Inspector and Major of the Royal Corps of Body Guards, etc, etc, etc…”** ||
 * **By 1795, Godoy had collected an impressive number of titles and honours:**

__**5.2. Spanish Independence War and the Constitution of Cadiz.**__ __**5.2.1. Spanish Independence War .**__
 * [[image:2 Mayo.jpg width="502" height="353"]] || [[image:3 Mayo.jpg width="580" height="355"]] ||


 * [[image:Desastres01.jpeg width="477" height="340"]] || [[image:Desastres02.JPG width="404" height="330"]] ||
 * [[image:Desastres03.jpg width="456" height="340"]] || [[image:Desastres04.jpg width="433" height="330"]] ||
 * [[image:Desastres05.jpg width="452" height="308"]] || [[image:Desastres06.jpg width="391" height="299"]] ||

__**5.2.2. Constitution of Cadiz .**__

__**5.3. Ferdinand VII: Reaction, back to Ancient Regime. (1813-1833).**__

__**5.4. Riego Pronunciamiento and Liberal Triennium (1820-1823).**__
 * [[image:Riego.jpg width="422" height="530"]] || [[image:Riego01.jpg]] ||

__**5.5.The Ominous Decade (1823-1833).**__

__**5.6. The Carlists War and the Regencies (1833-1843).**__ __**5.6.1. Carlists War .**__ __**5.6.2. 1837 Constitution.**__ __**5.6.3. Mendizabal "Desamortización", Progresista Party.**__
 * [[image:Zumalacarregui_portrait.png width="260" height="412" caption="General Zumalacarregui"]] || [[image:carlistas.jpg width="600" height="411" caption="Viva la Religión, Viva Carlos V"]] ||

__**5.6.4. End of Carlists War and Espartero's Regency, Progresista Party (1840-43).**__

__**5.7. Elizabeth II (1844-1854): Moderado Party Rule.**__ __**5.8. Liberal Biennium (1854-1856).**__
 * [[image:baldomero espartero.jpg width="254" height="344" caption="Baldomero Espartero"]] || [[image:Leopoldo_ODonnell.jpg width="282" height="349" caption="Leopoldo O'Donnell"]] ||

__**5.8.2. Desamortización de Madoz.**__
 * __5.9. Elizabeth II (1856-1868).__**

__**5.10. Sexenio Revolucionario.**__ __**5.10.1. Amadeus Savoy Monarchy (1870-1873).**__


 * [[image:Caricatura Amadeo Saboya01.jpg width="381" height="365"]][[image:Caricatura Isabel II.jpg width="622" height="375"]] ||  ||
 * [[image:Amadeo de Saboya.jpg]][[image:Caricatura Amadeo Saboya.jpg width="598" height="528"]] ||  ||

__**5.10.2. I Republic (February 11 1873- December 29 1874).**__
 * [[image:Estanislao Figueras_y_Moragas.jpg width="266" height="448" caption="February 12 to 11 June"]] || [[image:Francisco Pi y Margall.png width="343" height="449" caption="June 11 to 18 July"]] ||
 * [[image:Nicolas_Salmeron.jpg width="274" height="389" caption="July 18 to September 7"]] || [[image:Emilio_Castelar_Ripoll_1901_Joaquín_Sorolla_y_Bastida.jpg width="315" height="400" caption="September 7 to January 3"]] ||

__**5.11. Bourbon Restoration: Alfonso XII (1874-1885).**__

__**5.12. Alfonso XIII (1885-1931).**__

5.12.1. Philippines and Cuba War.

5.13. ACTIVITIES.

=__**UNIT 6. TENSIONS AND CONFLICTS (1914-1939) .**__= __**6.1. Bismarck Alliances: 1870-1914.**__ media type="custom" key="27168980"

__**6.2. Morocco and Conference of Algeciras Listening Exam .**__

6.3.FIRST WORLD WAR

__**6.3.1. Europe 1914.**__ 6.3.FIRST WORLD WAR PHOTOGRAPHS

__**6.4. World War One Videos.**__ media type="custom" key="25301024"

__**6.5. World War One Movies.**__

media type="youtube" key="nmDA60X-f_A" height="360" width="640"
 * Paths of Glory. Director: Stanley Kubrick.**

Lawrence of Arabia. Director: David Lean. media type="youtube" key="zmr1iSG3RTA" height="360" width="640"

The Water Diviner. Director: Russell Crowe. media type="youtube" key="ZiDJCwD-xFE" height="360" width="640"

media type="youtube" key="QhueHIXbTF4" height="360" width="640"
 * War Horse. Director: Steven Spielberg.**

media type="youtube" key="9LBpsMqNEV0" height="360" width="640"
 * Gallipoli. Director: Peter Weir.**

media type="youtube" key="vlu2YgXBjis" height="360" width="640"
 * Captain Conan. Director: Bertrand Tavernier.**

= =